A Long-Term Ecological Vulnerability Analysis of the Tibetan Region of Natural Conditions and Ecological Protection Programs

The combined impacts of drastic natural environment change and increasing human interference are making the uncertainty Tibetan Plateau’s ecological vulnerability world’s largest. In this study, an index (EVI) Tibet in core area Plateau was assessed using a selected set ecological, social, economic indicators spatial principal component analysis (SPCA) to calculate their weights. data included Landsat images socio-economic from 1990 2015 five-year intervals. results showed that total EVI remained at high level, with fluctuation 2000 (a peak 1995, when there sudden increase light vulnerability, which moved extreme next period), minor fluctuations after 2000, gradually southeast northwest. addition, distinct positive correlation between grassland (0.33), land use degree (0.15), NDVI (0.14), livestock husbandry output, negative terms desertification area. artificial afforestation program (AAP) had significant (R2 = 0.88), preventing becoming more vulnerable. provide practical information suggestions for planners improve urban areas vegetation coverage pastoral regions based on spatial–temporal heterogeneity patterns Tibet.